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Joint Report – October 2002

CAO and Emergency Medical Services Manager

 

This joint report is designed to give the Board and member municipalities an overview of the issue of charges between Delivery Agents and upper-tier municipalities (UTM) for land ambulance services.  This topic is commonly referred to as the cross-border billing issue.

 

Background:

 

Prior to ambulance services been downloaded, the issue of cross-border billing did not exist.  There were costs associated with each individual ambulance service and each service was separately funded.  However, up to December 31, 1997 all of the budget monies came from the provincial government.

 

Between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2000 a portion of ambulance costs were assigned by the Ministry of Health directly to individual municipalities. This Board was not involved with that process of either attributing or collecting costs. The amounts levied were not 50% of the full costs and were not assigned based on local service levels.  The Ministry has refused to confirm what the basis of that cost distribution was but has admitted it was not 50% of the true costs.

 

Effective January 1, 2001, ambulance costs began to be billed by the designated Delivery Agents directly to their member municipalities. At this point the issue of cross-border billing became a concern.  In the South, the designated Delivery Agent was the County or Regional government. The Ministry of Health refers to these Delivery agents as an Upper Tier Municipality (UTM).  In the North, the Delivery Agent was normally the District Social Services Administration Board (DSSAB).  The three exceptions in the North were the Greater City of Sudbury, the Town of Parry Sound and the City of Thunder Bay.  These entities assumed the Delivery Agent responsibilities rather than the local DSSAB.  There are 49 Delivery Agents in the province.

 

 

Since January 1, 2001 municipalities within each Delivery Agent jurisdiction were now required to fund all land ambulance in excess of the arbitrarily established provincial grant.  These costs are in excess of 50 percent of the actual costs.  The municipal share for ambulance services is determined by the gross costs less the provincially set grant. Cost distribution is in accordance with local apportionment models.  Since that date, the cost of providing local resources to other jurisdictions has become a significant issue.

 

For example, if the Algoma EMS ambulance was to enter the Thunder Bay district to respond to a call in that area, the question as to who should pay for the call becomes an issue.  When the Algoma EMS ambulance completes a call in Sudbury, who should pay?  If the Sault Ste. Marie service responds to a multi-vehicle accident in Echo Bay, who should pay?

 

 

Applicable legislation

 

Concurrent with the Local Services Realignment, the provincial government set out a regulation to address the matter of cross border billing.  This regulation can be found as Part Four of Regulation 129/99of the Land Ambulance Act.

 

The legislation reads as follows:

 

PART IV
CHARGES AS BETWEEN DELIVERY AGENTS AND
UPPER-TIER MUNICIPALITIES

        16.  (1)  In this section,

“municipality” means a delivery agent or an upper-tier municipality that is not part of a designated area;

“provider municipality” means a municipality whose ambulance services provide land ambulance services in areas outside the municipality;

“recipient municipality” means a municipality that receives land ambulance services from ambulance services situated in a provider municipality.  O. Reg. 256/00, s. 4.

        (2)  This section applies only where,

(a) a provider municipality and a recipient municipality have not entered into an agreement under subsection 6 (3) of the Act; and

(b) Part III does not apply.  O. Reg. 256/00, s. 4.

        (3)  For the purposes of the application of this section to a delivery agent, any reference to the territory of a municipality shall be deemed to be a reference to the designated area for which the delivery agent is designated.  O. Reg. 256/00, s. 4.

        (4)  Subject to subsection (6), every year, a provider municipality to whom this section applies may charge a recipient municipality the amount determined under subsection (5) as compensation for the costs of land ambulance services provided during the previous year in the recipient municipality.  O. Reg. 256/00, s. 4.

        (5)  The amount that a provider municipality may charge under this section is determined in accordance with the following rules:

1.  Determine the provider municipality’s total costs associated with the provision of land ambulance services for the year.

2.  Determine the total number of calls made in and outside of the provider municipality by its ambulance services.

3.  Determine the average cost per call by dividing the amount determined in paragraph 1 by the amount determined in paragraph 2.

4.  Determine the number of calls made to the recipient municipality by the provider municipality’s ambulance services.

5.  Multiply the number of calls determined under paragraph 4 by the provider municipality’s average cost per call, as determined under paragraph 3.

6.  Determine, in accordance with paragraphs 1 to 5, the costs of any land ambulance services provided in the provider municipality by ambulance services from the recipient municipality.

7.  Subtract the amount determined under paragraph 6 from the amount determined under paragraph 5.  O. Reg. 256/00, s. 4.

        (6)  A recipient municipality who is charged an amount under this section shall pay the amount to the provider municipality on demand.  O. Reg. 256/00, s. 4.

        (7)  If the recipient municipality fails to pay the amount due at the time required by the provider municipality, the provider municipality may charge interest on the amount due at a rate to be set by the provider municipality and the recipient municipality shall pay the interest.  O. Reg. 256/00, s. 4.

        (8)  The provider municipality shall give the recipient municipality prior written notice of the day on which interest begins to accrue and of the interest rate.  O. Reg. 256/00, s. 4.

 

The Legislated Options

 

In simple terms the regulation contains two options.

 

1.    Each delivery agent is to meet with their neighboring Delivery Agents and try to work out a mutually agreeable formula for cross border billing of ambulance services. 

 

2.    If they cannot agree on a formula for cost sharing, then the default option of the provincial government will fall into place. The default option means that each entity will calculate their cost per call (total cost of operations/no. of calls per year). After contacting each other, each declares the number of pickups in the others area, the one with the most calls done in the others area gets to send the bill for only the excess number of calls done times their cost per call.

 

Delivery Agents’ Response

 

Each of the above two legislated options has been extensively debated by local and provincial staff, to confirm the government’s intent regarding the wording and the ultimate operation of the regulations.  To our knowledge, none of the 49 Delivery Agents have implemented either of these two options.  In addition, although some Delivery Agents have billed another area, as far as we can determine no billings have been paid.

 

This reality is not surprising given the slipshod manner in which the Ministry of Health dealt with the transition of this essential service.  As noted previously, there was a lack of formal transition planning, no transition funding and no post transition follow up. The cross border billing regulation shows a stunning lack of understanding related to delivery realties, Delivery Agent staffing and budget pressures.

 

The Problems

 

Option One

 

Even if the two of the parties come to a mutual agreement on a costing factor between themselves, it is imperative that their adjacent Delivery Agents agree to the same solution.  To clarify, if all parties in the North (Parry Sound northward) where to agree on a cross border funding formula, the deal breaker may be the community of Muskoka, not agreeing with that same funding formula.  Therefore, Parry Sound would be disadvantaged by having to utilize two formulae in an effort to collect their out of district call costs.  As soon as it does so, other jurisdictions could ask a variance to their agreement.

 

Because ambulance services commonly cross multiple Delivery Agents jurisdictions, each Delivery Agent would need multiple agreements.  At an absolute minimum, ADSAB would need agreements with the City of Thunder Bay, the Cochrane DSSAB, the Sault Ste. Marie DSSAB, the Manitoulin Sudbury DSSAB and the Greater City of Sudbury.  In Southern Ontario, the minimum number of required agreements is even higher.

 

Option Two

 

The provincial default formula has its own inherent problems. There is a lack of clarity as to whether we count calls which are Codes One, Two, Three and Four, or to include Code Eight calls (which are standbys),  to determine our total cost per call.  In some cases, where services do a lot of standbys, this could significantly decrease their cost per call and therefore decreased revenues.

 

In addition, when calculating the calls done by Algoma EMS, are we expected to break down the cost per call on a base by base basis? For example, do you take Elliott Lake operational costs divided by Elliot Lake calls or do we divide the Algoma EMS budget by the total calls done by a the Algoma District in order to determine our cost per call.  The regulation does not answer this simple question.

 

Present Situation

 

In the regulations the Ministry failed to address the realties of EMS service delivery and the specifics of the default formula.  As a result, all Delivery Agents are left with unresolved cross-border billing issues.  Additionally, the calculation which would be required under the default formula relies on a computer data base which has been shown to be inaccurate.

 

The Land Ambulance Implementation Steering Committee (LAISC) has sought to have the provincial government clarify these issues prior to anyone implementing the cross-border billing issue.  After 22 months this issue is still unresolved.  Following is the latest information provided from LAISC.

 

“The issue of cross border billings was discussed at length at the LAISC yesterday.  It was suggested by Minister Newman and supported by the committee that the province hire a consultant to help address this very complex issue.  We have been asked to provide advise on what the terms of reference should be for this and the ministry would like your recommendations by the end of the week or early next week at the latest.

 

Based on the discussion I would suggest the following as minimum:

 

To review the current default provision in the legislation and discuss the concerns,  difficulties and/or deficiencies in respect to the  legislation with a representative group of UTMs and DSSABs.  This must include interviews with administrative/financial and EMS representatives from UTMs and DSSABs that are rural, urban and remote (or combinations thereof) as well as those having tertiary care health facilities and those without tertiary care health facilities.

 

To prepare options and recommendations in respect to modifying the current legislation to be more fair and equitable to UTMs and DSSABs while ensuring UTMs and DSSABs continue to receive sufficient funding to maintain the ambulance programs being provided.

 

Should you wish to add to this or be more specific please respond directly to:

 

Marjorie Wilcox

Senior Manager

Planning, Finance and Corporate Services

Emergency Health Services Branch

 

 

Budgetary Impacts

 

Despite the lack of a consensus on this issue, the Ministry of Health unilaterally included cross border revenues and expenditures into the 2001 and 2002 budgets with each of the 49 Delivery Agents. In many cases, the government has estimated cross-border billing to be a major revenue income to some delivery Agents.  This revenue decreases the amount of the grant provided by the Ministry. These delivery Agents find themselves increasingly strapped for operating revenue as the provincial government has seen fit to remove this anticipated estimated revenue from their base budget allocation.  So, each year that goes by without these issues resolved, there is another year of negative financial impact for these Delivery Agents. 

 

The Algoma DSAB was assumed to be receiving revenue of $10,000. in 2001 and 2002. Essentially, the Ministry position is that that Algoma should receive a net revenue of $10,000. from other Delivery Agents.  We do not have confidence enough in the existing database to either confirm or refute this assumption.  Like all the other jurisdictions we have neither paid nor received any monies related to cross border billing.

 

We do know that our Eastern Divisional transfer unit finds itself doing more and more calls in the Greater City of Sudbury.  Under Central Ambulance Communications Centre (CACC) protocols, CACC assigns calls to the most available ambulance.  If the Eastern Division Transfer Unit has dropped off their patient in Sudbury, they are now subject to the assigning of calls by the Sudbury CACC. Often, prior to the patient being ready for transfer back to our area, they will be given calls to do in the Sudbury area.  These types of calls would be billed under cross-border billing and are regularly occurring.

 

Cross border billing does not apply to First Nations communities.  This is one area in which the province was quite clear. The number of calls also was unilaterally calculated by the Ministry prior to downloading with the provincial government assuming 100 percent responsibility for these costs. We have received funding in our base budget template for doing these calls at the 2000 call volume.  Any calls done in excess of that, must have a business plan supplied to the Ministry for any remuneration of costs.

 

Summary

 

No resolution of this problem can occur until such time as the consultant reports to LAISC and the province makes a decision.  Contrary to Ministry statements, we do not believe that a common approach can be reached among the 49 Delivery Agents on the basis of a consensus.  Ultimately the Ministry will have to take responsibility for this problem which they created with the decision to include land ambulance costs as part of Local Services Realignment. 

 

We hope for a solution which is simple to administer because otherwise all Delivery Agents will need significant clerical support to determine the allocation of calls and arrange the collection of costs. The real solution is 100% provincial funding of this service not a complex system to attribute costs among geographic areas.

 

David Court, CAO

 

Thomas Johns, Manager Emergency Medical Services (EMS)